JESUS IN THE
OLD TESTAMENT
PART 4a
Type:
Chiefly Christian theology a figure, episode, or symbolic factor resembling some future reality in such a way as to foreshadow or prefigure it. 1
A figure, representation, or symbol of something to come, such as an event in the Old Testament that foreshadows another in the New Testament. 1
Antitype:
One that is foreshadowed by or identified with an earlier symbol or type, such as a figure in the New Testament who has a counterpart in the Old Testament. 1
1 " thefreedictionary.com/ antitype"> thefreedictionary.com/ antitype
TYPES & ANTITYPES
It has been said of the Old and New Testaments:
The New is in the Old contained -
The Old is in the New explained
The New is in the Old concealed –
The Old is in the New revealed.
TYPOLOGY
OLD
TESTAMENT
NEW
TESTAMENT
The Old Testament (Covenant) contains shadows – the New Testament has the realities:
Heb 10:1 The law is only a shadow of the good things that are coming—not the realities themselves.
Col 3:16-17 Therefore do not let anyone judge you by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a religious festival, a New Moon celebration or a Sabbath day. These are a shadow of the things that were to come; the reality, however, is found in Christ.
Today we’ll look at the life of Joseph and how he was a type of the Lord Jesus.
SHADOWS
Joseph had a miraculous birth. Rachel was barren until her womb was opened by God.
Gen 30:22-24
Then God
remembered
Rachel; he
listened to
her and
enabled
her to
conceive…
She named
him
Joseph…
MIRACULOUS BIRTH
Jesus had a miraculous birth and was born of the virgin Mary (Luke 1:34-35).
The Holy Spirit will come on you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. So the holy one to be born will be called the Son of God.
How will this be, since I am a virgin?
Joseph was a shepherd of his father’s sheep.
Genesis 37:2 This is the account
of Jacob’s family line. Joseph, a
young
man of
seventeen,
was
tending
the
flocks
with his
brothers…
SHEPHERDS
Jesus is the good shepherd (John 10:11).
I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.
Joseph was much loved by his father Jacob (Israel).
Gen 37:3 Now Israel loved Joseph more than any of his other sons, because he had been born to him in his old age; and he made an ornate robe for him.
MUCH LOVED BY FATHER
Jesus was much loved by his Father God. (Matt 17:5 NASB)
This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well-pleased…
Joseph was envied by his brothers.
Gen 37:11
His
brothers
were
jealous of
him, but
his father
kept the
matter in
mind.
ENVIED BY BROTHERS
Jesus was envied by his ‘brothers’ – the Jewish leaders.
Matt 27:17-18 So when the people gathered together, Pilate said to them, “Whom do you want me to release for you? Barabbas, or Jesus who is called Christ?” For he knew that because of envy they had handed Him over. (NASB)
Joseph was hated because he exposed evil (Gen 37:2)
Joseph… was tending the flocks with his brothers… and he brought their father a bad report about them.
EXPOSED EVIL
Jesus was hated because he exposed evil. (John 7:7)
The world … hates me because I testify that its works are evil.
Joseph had premonitions of coming glory (Gen 37:6-7).
Listen to this dream I had: We were binding sheaves of grain out in the field when suddenly my sheaf rose and stood upright, while your sheaves gathered around mine and bowed down to it.
Listen, I had another dream, and this time the sun and moon and eleven stars were bowing down to me.
COMING GLORY
Jesus too saw ahead to his future glory. (John 17:24)
Father, I want those you have given me to be with me where I am, and to see my glory…
I tell you the truth, you shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man. (John 1:51)
Joseph’s brothers despised him and rejected the idea that he would rule over them.
REJECTED BY BROTHERS
Do you intend to reign over us? Will you actually rule us?
Gen 37:8 … And they hated him all the more because of his dream and what he had said.
Likewise Jesus was rejected as king by his Jewish brothers. (John 19:15)
REJECTED BY BROTHERS
John 1:11 He came to that which was his own, but his own did not receive him.
We have no king but Caesar.
Shall I crucify your king?
Joseph and his father were concerned about the welfare of his brothers (Gen 37:14).
BROTHER’S WELFARE
Go and see if all is well with your brothers and with the flocks, and bring word back to me.
Jesus and the Father are concerned about our welfare. (John 3:17)
For God did not send the Son into the world to judge the world, but that the world might be saved through Him.
Joseph left his father’s home of comfort after being sent by his father to
Shechem to see how his brothers
and flocks were doing. (Gen 37:14)
SENT BY HIS FATHER
Jesus left his Father’s home of comfort in heaven to provide a way of salvation for us (John 6:33,38).
For the bread of God is he who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world … For I have come down from heaven not to do my will but to do the will of him who sent me.
I’m looking for my brothers. Can you tell me where they are grazing their flocks?
They have moved on from here. I heard them say, ‘Let’s go to Dothan.’
Joseph’s brothers were not where they were supposed to be. They were at Dotham, not Shechem (Gen 37:12-17).
BROTHERS ELSEWHERE
Jesus’ brothers were not where they were supposed to be - spiritually. (Luke 13:34)
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were not willing!
Joseph searched for his brothers and the flocks until he found them (Gen 37:14-17).
SEARCHING
Jesus searches for the lost sheep until he finds it (Luke 19:10)
For the Son of Man came to seek and to save what was lost.
Joseph was treated badly by his brothers who conspired to kill him (Gen 37:20).
TREATED BADLY
Come now, let’s kill him and throw him into one of these cisterns and say that a ferocious animal devoured him. Then we’ll see what comes of his dreams.
Jesus’ brothers treated him badly and conspired to kill him.
Acts 4:27 Indeed Herod and Pontius Pilate met together with the Gentiles and the people of Israel in this city to conspire against your holy servant Jesus…
Joseph was stripped of his coat:
Gen 37:23 So when Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped him
of his robe—
the ornate
robe he was
wearing--
STRIPPED OF COAT
Jesus was stripped of his clothes.
John 19:23 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of
them…
Joseph was put into a pit (Gen 37:24)
… and they took him and threw him into the pit. Now the pit was empty, without any water in it. (NASB)
THROWN INTO A PIT
Jesus was put into a grave.
Joseph was sold to the Gentiles by his brothers.
Gen 37:28 So when the Midianite merchants came by, his brothers
pulled
Joseph up
out of the
cistern and
sold him
for twenty
shekels of
silver to
the
Ishmaelites…
SOLD TO GENTILES
Jesus was handed over to the Gentiles by his ‘brothers’.
Luke 18:32 “He will be handed over to the Gentiles. They will mock him, insult him, spit on him, flog him and kill him.”
Judah suggested selling Joseph (Gen 37:26-27).
Come, let's sell him to the Ishmaelites
JUDAH
The Greek name for Judah is Judas. Jesus was betrayed by Judas Iscariot (John 18:2).
Joseph is sold for the price of a slave (Gen 37:38).
PRICE OF A SLAVE
Jesus was sold for 30 pieces of silver (the price of a slave).
Exodus 21:32 If the bull gores a male or female slave, the owner must pay thirty shekels of silver to the master of the
slave.
Joseph’s brothers mingled hypocrisy with their hatred.
What will we gain if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? Come, let's sell him to the Ishmaelites and not lay our hands on him; after all, he is our brother, our own flesh and blood. (Gen 37:26-27)
HYPOCRISY
Hypocritically the Jewish leaders hand the innocent Jesus over to be executed while preparing for a religious feast.
John 18:28 Then the Jewish leaders took Jesus from Caiaphas to the palace of the Roman governor. By now it was early morning, and to avoid ceremonial uncleanness they did not
enter the
palace,
because they
wanted to be
able to eat
the Passover.
Then the chief priests don’t want to use “blood money” when it was their own money paid for Jesus’ betrayal.
Matt 27:3-6 When Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was seized with remorse and returned the thirty silver coins to the chief priests and the elders. “I have sinned,” he said, “for I have betrayed innocent blood.”
“What is that to us?” they replied. “That’s your responsibility.” So
Judas threw the money
into the temple and left.
Then he went away and
hanged himself. The
chief priests picked up
the coins and said, “It is
against the law to put
this into the treasury,
since it is blood money.”
Joseph’s blood sprinkled coat is presented to his father:
Gen 37:31-32 Then they got Joseph’s robe, slaughtered a goat and dipped the robe in the blood. They took the ornate robe back to their father…
THE BLOOD – THE FATHER
We found this. Examine it to see whether it is your son’s robe.
Jesus’ blood was presented to the Father as a sin offering.
Heb 9:14 How much more, then, will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself unblemished
to God,
cleanse our
consciences
from acts
that lead
to death…
While young, Joseph was brought to Egypt.
BROUGHT TO EGYPT
Gen 37:28 … his brothers sold him… to the Ishmaelites, who took him to Egypt.
Jesus was also brought to Egypt as a young boy.
Matt 2:14 So he got up, took the child and his mother during the night and left for Egypt
Joseph becomes a servant (Gen 39:1).
A SERVANT
Jesus became a servant:
Phil 2:7 … rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness.
TEMPTATION
Joseph was tempted (Gen 39).
Come to bed with me!
My master has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. How then could I do such a wicked thing and sin against God?
Jesus was tempted (Matt 4).
All this I will give you, if you will bow down and worship me.
Joseph overcame his temptation: Gen 39:12 But he left his cloak in her hand and ran out of the house.
OVERCAME
Jesus overcame temptation (Matt 4).
Away from me, Satan! For it is written: ‘Worship the Lord your God, and serve him only.’
Despite being innocent, Joseph was falsely accused (Gen 39:17-18).
FALSELY ACCUSED
That Hebrew slave you brought us came to me to make sport of me. But as soon as I screamed for help, he left his cloak beside me and ran out of the house.
Despite being innocent, Jesus was falsely accused.
Mark 14: 56-59 Many testified falsely against him, but their statements did not agree.
We heard him say, ‘I will destroy this man-made temple and in three days will build another, not made by man.
Joseph was in prison with two other criminals.
Gen 40:2-3 Pharaoh was angry with his two officials,
the chief
cupbearer
and the chief
baker, and
put them
in custody in
the house of
the captain
of the guard,
in the same
prison where
Joseph was
confined.
2 CRIMINALS
Jesus was hung on the cross between two criminals.
Matt 27:38 At that time two robbers were crucified with Him, one on the right and one on the left. (NASB)
The one prisoner with Joseph was restored, while the other was executed (Gen 40:21-22).
He restored the
chief cupbearer
to his position,
so that he once
again put the cup
into Pharaoh’s
hand— but he
impaled the
chief baker,
just as Joseph
had said to
them in his
interpretation.
2 DIFFERENT FATES
One of the thieves on the cross mocked Jesus and was lost for eternity. (Luke 23:39-43)
Aren’t you the Messiah? Save yourself and us!
Don’t you fear God, since you are under the same sentence? We are punished justly, for we are getting what our deeds deserve. But this man has done nothing wrong.
The other thief repented and went to Paradise.
Truly I tell you, today you will be with me in paradise.
Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.
Joseph asked the chief butler to remember him in prison and not leave him there (Gen 40:14).
REMEMBER ME
But when all goes well with you, remember me and show me kindness; mention me to Pharaoh and get me out of this prison.
Gen 40:23 The chief cupbearer, however, did not remember Joseph; he forgot him and abandoned him.
Later when Pharaoh had his dream, the cupbearer remembered Joseph. (Gen 41:9)
Today I am reminded of my shortcomings.
When dying, Jesus asked God to ‘remember’ him as he entrusts his spirit into God’s hands (Luke 23:46).
Father, into your hands I commit my spirit.
Initially Jesus seemed to be abandoned by God in the grave.
As Joseph was remembered, Jesus was raised from the grave on the third day (Matt 28:1-7).
… because you will not abandon me to the realm of the dead, nor will you let your faithful one see decay. (Psalm 16:10)
Joseph exchanged his prison clothes for fine clothes.
Gen 41:42 Then Pharaoh took his signet ring from his finger and put it
on Joseph’s
finger. He
dressed him in
robes of fine
linen and put a
gold chain
around his
neck.
CLOTHES
Jesus Christ left behind his grave clothes.
John 20:6-7 Then Simon Peter came along behind him and went straight into the tomb. He saw the strips of linen lying there, as well as the cloth that had been wrapped
around
Jesus’ head…
When John
sees Jesus
on Patmos he
is “dressed in
a robe
reaching down
to his feet and
with a golden
sash around
his chest”
(Rev 1:13).
Joseph was humbled. From being the favoured son, he first becomes a slave then a prisoner.
HUMBLED
Jesus was humbled. From being the favoured Son of God, he “humbled himself and became obedient to death—even death on a cross!” (Phil 2:8)
After being humbled, Joseph was exalted. Pharaoh tells him, “You
shall be
in charge
of my
palace,
and
all my
people
are to
submit
to your
orders”
(Gen 41:
40).
EXALTED
After being humbled, Jesus was exalted.
Phil 2:9-11 Therefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name…
Joseph came from humble beginnings but became Pharaoh’s right hand man ruling over Egypt.
Gen 41:41
So Pharaoh
said to
Joseph, “I
hereby put
you in
charge of
the whole
land of
Egypt.”
A RULER
Jesus came from humble beginnings but now is seated next to the Father and rules by his word.
Heb 2:9 But we see Jesus, who was made a little lower
than the angels, now crowned with glory and honour…
Joseph was the pronounced Saviour of the known world at this time. (Gen 47:25)
You have saved our lives. May we find favour in the eyes of our lord…
SAVIOUR
Jesus is the Saviour of the world. (John 4:42)
… now we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this man really is the Saviour of the world.
There came a day when Joseph’s brothers had to bow to him.
BOW DOWN
Joseph’s brothers were angry when he foretold that one day they would have to bow down to him. Some wanted to kill him and others thought that by selling him into slavery they had thwarted any fulfilment of his dreams forever.
But there came a day when they had to bow the knee to Joseph as the ruler in Egypt, who was the only one who could supply their desperate need during the famine.
Today there are those who refuse to acknowledge Jesus as Lord of their life. They try to silence his voice and scoff at the thought of being subservient to him. But whether they choose to serve him in this life or not, the day will come when they will have to bow before him and confess him as Lord.
BOW THE KNEE
Even those who reject Jesus now, will ultimately have to bow the knee to him.
Phil 2:10-11 … that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
Unless otherwise stated, Scripture quotations are taken from the NIV:
THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®, NIV®
Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™
Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Scripture quotations taken from the NASB:
New American Standard Bible®,
Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation
Used by permission. ( Lockman.org)
Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV:
Scripture quotations are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Topic
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Link
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Jesus in the Old Testament – Part 1
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https://agfbrakpan.com/ ministry-archives.aspx?mId=880
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Jesus in the Old Testament – Part 2
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https://agfbrakpan.com/ ministry-archives.aspx?mId=937
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Jesus in the Old Testament – Part 3a - A prophet like Moses
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https://agfbrakpan.com/ ministry-archives.aspx?mId=1080
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Jesus in the Old Testament – Part 3b - A prophet like Moses
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https://agfbrakpan.com/ ministry-archives.aspx?mId=1095
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